— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備為病人輸液。下列哪項是輸液時發生空氣栓塞的最常見原因？
A nurse is preparing to administer IV fluids to a client. What is the most common cause of air embolism in this setting?
- AUsing the wrong type of IV needle使用錯誤類型的靜脈針頭
- BInaccurate infusion pump settings輸注幫浦設定不準確
- CAdministering the fluid too quickly輸液速度過快
- DFailure to prime the IV tubing✓ 正解未排氣靜脈管路
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
空氣栓塞（Air Embolism）最常見的原因是輸液管路未進行排氣（Priming）。如果管路中存有大量空氣，當其進入血管時會阻塞血流，嚴重可致心臟停止。其他選項雖為技術缺失，但非空氣栓塞的直接誘因。
Failure to prime the IV tubing is the most common cause of air embolism because it leaves air within the line that can be directly infused into the client's vein. Proper priming removes air pockets, preventing potentially fatal obstruction of blood flow.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆強調管路排氣的重要性，現代幫浦具備「偵測氣泡」功能，但在更換過程中護理師仍需確保排氣完全。