一位百日咳病人需要隔離。合適的防護措施為何？
A client with Pertussis (whooping cough) requires isolation. What is the appropriate precaution?
- AStandard precautions only僅實施標準防護措施
- BContact precautions接觸防護措施
- CDroplet precautions✓ 正解飛沫防護措施
- DAirborne precautions空氣傳播防護措施
百日咳 (Pertussis) 是由百日咳桿菌引起的高度傳染性呼吸道疾病。它主要透過病人咳嗽、打噴嚏時產生的呼吸道飛沫 (Respiratory Droplets) 傳播。這些飛沫較重，通常傳播距離在 3 到 6 英尺內。因此，正確答案 C 飛沫傳播防護 (Droplet Precautions) 是標準要求，護理師在進入病房 3 英尺範圍內必須佩戴外科口罩。臨床思路上，這類病人應安置在單人房，或與相同病原體感染者共室。
Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory infection transmitted via large respiratory droplets produced during coughing or sneezing. Because these droplets travel short distances, droplet precautions are required, including wearing a surgical mask when within 3 feet of the client. The client should be placed in a private room or cohorted with another patient having the same infection.
台美在百日咳隔離規範上一致。但在美國 NCLEX 中，考生需特別記住哪些疾病屬於飛沫隔離，常見口訣為 SPIDERMAN (Sepsis, Pertussis, Influenza, Diphtheria, Epiglottitis, Rubella, Mumps, Adenovirus, Neisseria meningitidis)。