護理師執行下列哪項處置，能有效預防導尿管相關尿路感染 (CAUTI)？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions by the nurse best prevents the development of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI)? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintaining a closed drainage system at all times✓ 正解始終維持封閉式引流系統
- BSecuring the catheter to the client's thigh to prevent traction✓ 正解將導尿管固定於患者大腿以防止牽扯
- CEmptying the drainage bag only when it is completely full僅在集尿袋完全充滿時才排放
- DPerforming daily perineal care with soap and water✓ 正解每日以肥皂和水進行會陰護理
- EKeeping the drainage bag below the level of the bladder✓ 正解使集尿袋保持在膀胱水平以下
預防導尿管相關尿路感染（CAUTI）的核心在於維持導尿系統的「封閉性」與「無菌性」。維持封閉系統能防止細菌進入；集尿袋必須低於膀胱位置，利用重力防止尿液回流；每日清潔會陰部可減少細菌源；固定導尿管則能避免管路拉扯導致的尿道黏膜受損，減少細菌入侵通道。集尿袋應在適當時機排空，而非等到全滿，以避免壓力回流及細菌滋生。
Prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) centers on maintaining the catheter system's 'closed' and 'aseptic' status. Maintaining a closed system prevents bacterial entry; the drainage bag must remain below the level of the bladder so that gravity prevents reflux of urine; daily perineal care reduces bacterial sources; and securing the catheter avoids urethral mucosal trauma caused by tubing traction, thereby reducing pathways for bacterial invasion. The drainage bag should be emptied at appropriate intervals rather than waiting until it is completely full, in order to avoid pressure-driven reflux and bacterial growth.