護理師協助行動受限的病人在床上坐起。為預防護理師受傷，下列何者為最重要的姿勢工學原則？
A nurse is assisting a client with limited mobility to sit up in bed. What is the most important ergonomic principle to follow to prevent nurse injury?
- AKeep the feet close together to maintain balance雙腳併攏以維持平衡
- BTwist the torso towards the direction of the movement向移動方向扭轉軀幹
- CKeep the client at arm's length to provide more space將病人保持在手臂長度距離以提供更多空間
- DBend at the knees and use leg muscles to lift✓ 正解彎曲膝蓋並使用腿部肌肉進行抬舉
人體工學核心在於利用強壯的腿部肌群而非腰背部。彎曲膝蓋能降低重心，保持脊椎平直，減少腰椎壓力。選項 B（扭轉）極易導致椎間盤受損；選項 A（雙腳併攏）會減少支撐基底而影響平衡；選項 C（拉開距離）會增加背部負荷，應將病人靠近身體重心。
The core of body mechanics is to use the strong muscles of the legs rather than the lower back. Bending the knees lowers the center of gravity, keeps the spine straight, and reduces lumbar load. Option B (twisting) easily causes intervertebral disc injury; Option A (feet together) reduces the base of support and impairs balance; Option C (moving away from the patient) increases back load — the patient should be brought close to the body's center of gravity instead.
台美均強調人體工學，美國醫院更嚴格要求使用吊車（Lift）以避免搬運受傷。