— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護吞嚥障礙病人，進食期間的優先行動為何？
A nurse is caring for a client with dysphagia. Which intervention is the priority during feeding?
- AProvide large, nutrient-dense bites提供大份、營養密度高的食物
- BPlace food on the unaffected side of the mouth✓ 正解將食物置於口腔未受損側
- CEncourage the client to talk while chewing鼓勵病人在咀嚼時說話
- DAsk the client to flex their neck while swallowing要求病人在吞嚥時彎曲頸部
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
吞嚥困難病人進食時，將食物置於患側的對側（健康側）能讓病人更有意識地進行咀嚼，並能有效控制吞嚥動作。此舉可降低食物堆積在患側（通常肌肉控制差、知覺弱）導致誤吸的風險。其他選項（說話、頸部過度屈曲、大口進食）皆會增加誤吸機率。
When feeding a client with dysphagia, placing food on the side of the mouth opposite the affected side (the unaffected side) helps the client chew more consciously and control swallowing effectively. This reduces the risk of food collecting on the affected side—where muscle control and sensation are typically diminished—and being aspirated. The other options (talking while chewing, excessive neck flexion, and large bites) all increase the risk of aspiration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆依賴吞嚥治療師（SLP）評估，但在臨床執行上，台灣護理師常需在繁重工作中維持病人的進食姿勢，責任非常重大。