— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
病人因 MRSA 感染接受萬古黴素點滴。出現下列何種情況時，護理師應減慢輸注速度？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed intravenous vancomycin for a MRSA infection. Which of the following findings would indicate that the nurse should slow the infusion rate? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypotension✓ 正解低血壓
- BFlushing of the face and neck✓ 正解臉部和頸部潮紅
- CPruritus✓ 正解搔癢
- DWheezing喘鳴
- EGeneralized erythematous rash on the upper torso✓ 正解上半身廣泛性紅斑皮疹
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素輸注過快常引起紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome），表現為臉部、頸部潮紅、搔癢及上半身皮疹，嚴重時伴隨低血壓。減慢輸速或停藥可緩解。氣喘（D）屬於過敏反應而非單純紅人症候群，需立即採取急救措施。
Rapid infusion of vancomycin frequently causes Red Man Syndrome, which manifests as flushing of the face and neck, pruritus, and an upper-body rash, and may be accompanied by hypotension in severe cases. Slowing the infusion rate or stopping the medication relieves symptoms. Wheezing (D) represents an allergic reaction rather than simple Red Man Syndrome and requires immediate emergency measures.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆需注意此副作用，但美國護理師常依據給藥濃度與速度標準化程序獨立調整。