一位第一型糖尿病病人出現哪些徵象時，應懷疑開始進入低血糖狀態？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which findings indicate the onset of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiaphoresis✓ 正解盜汗
- BPolyuria多尿
- CTremors✓ 正解震顫
- DConfusion✓ 正解意識混亂
- ETachycardia✓ 正解心跳過速
第一型糖尿病病人因胰島素分泌不足，若血糖過低（通常 < 70 mg/dL），會立即啟動交感神經系統（Sympathetic Nervous System）的代償反應。典型症狀包括冷汗（Diaphoresis）、心跳過速（Tachycardia）與震顫（Tremors）。當低血糖持續，中樞神經系統缺糖，會出現意識混亂（Confusion）、頭暈甚至昏迷。多尿（Polyuria）則是高血糖導致滲透性利尿的徵象。
In type 1 diabetes mellitus, owing to deficient insulin secretion, when blood glucose falls too low (typically <70 mg/dL) the sympathetic nervous system is immediately activated as a compensatory response. Typical symptoms include diaphoresis, tachycardia, and tremors. As hypoglycemia persists, central nervous system glucose deprivation produces confusion, dizziness, and even coma. Polyuria, on the other hand, is a sign of hyperglycemia-induced osmotic diuresis.