— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
哪些評估結果顯示病人出現輸血反應？（選所有適合的）
Which assessment findings indicate the client is experiencing a transfusion reaction? (Select all that apply.)
- AFlank pain✓ 正解腰側疼痛
- BHypotension✓ 正解低血壓
- CChills and fever✓ 正解畏寒和發燒
- DBradycardia心搏過緩
- EItching and urticaria✓ 正解搔癢和蕁麻疹
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
輸血反應徵兆包含腰側痛（溶血）、低血壓（休克）、發燒畏寒（過敏或致熱原）以及蕁麻疹（過敏）。緩脈非輸血反應典型徵兆，通常反應為心跳過速以補償低血壓。發現這些反應應立即停止輸血並以生理食鹽水維持管路通暢。
Flank pain, hypotension, chills, fever, itching, and urticaria are classic signs of various transfusion reactions, including hemolytic, febrile, and allergic types. Bradycardia is not typical; tachycardia is more commonly associated with these reactions. Immediate cessation of the transfusion and notification of the provider are required upon observing these symptoms.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台輸血監控流程相似，均需在輸血前、後與期間定時測量生命徵象。