病人被開立靜脈抗生素，病人有青黴素過敏史。護理師的最佳行動是？
A client is prescribed intravenous antibiotics. The nurse notes the client has a history of penicillin allergy. What is the nurse's best action?
- AAdminister the drug and watch for signs of reaction給藥並觀察反應跡象
- BCheck if a cephalosporin is ordered檢查是否開立頭孢菌素
- CAsk the client what kind of reaction they had in the past詢問病人過去發生的過敏反應類型
- DContact the physician to clarify the order✓ 正解聯絡醫師以釐清醫囑
當確認病人有藥物過敏史時，護理師的首要任務是確保病人安全，防止過敏性休克（Anaphylaxis）。若醫囑開立的抗生素與過敏藥物屬同類或有交叉過敏風險（如青黴素與頭孢菌素），護理師不可擅自給藥，亦不能單純詢問病人過敏反應後自行決定，必須主動聯繫醫師（Clarify the order），確認該藥物對病人是否安全或是否有更佳替代方案。
When a patient is confirmed to have a drug allergy history, the nurse's first task is to ensure patient safety and prevent anaphylaxis. If the prescribed antibiotic is in the same class as the allergenic drug or has a risk of cross-allergy (such as penicillin and cephalosporins), the nurse must not administer the drug on his/her own and cannot simply decide independently after asking the patient about the reaction; the nurse must contact the physician (clarify the order) to confirm whether the medication is safe for the patient or whether a better alternative exists.