— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
病人正在服用類鴉片藥物止痛，給藥前最重要的評估項目為何？
A client is receiving an opioid for pain control. Which assessment is the most important to perform before administration?
- AHeart rate心率
- BRespiratory rate✓ 正解呼吸頻率
- CBlood pressure血壓
- DPain intensity score疼痛強度評分
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
類鴉片藥物（Opioids）具有中樞神經抑制作用，主要副作用為呼吸抑制（Respiratory depression）。在給藥前，護理師必須評估病人的呼吸狀態，若呼吸速率過低（通常為 <12 次/分），給藥可能導致呼吸停止，危及生命。雖然疼痛評估是給藥的臨床指徵，但根據 ABC（Airway, Breathing, Circulation）護理原則，維持呼吸功能的安全評估遠高於止痛目標。
Respiratory rate is the priority assessment before administering opioids because respiratory depression is the most serious and potentially life-threatening side effect of this drug class. Although pain scores guide treatment efficacy, airway and breathing safety must be established first according to ABC principles to prevent respiratory arrest.