為了預防一位有頭暈病史的長者跌倒，護理師應採取哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
Which actions should the nurse take to prevent falls in an elderly client with a history of dizziness? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the bed in the lowest position✓ 正解將床置於最低位置
- BEnsure the call light is within reach✓ 正解確保呼叫鈴在觸手可及處
- CKeep the environment free of clutter✓ 正解保持環境無雜物
- DApply physical restraints to keep the client in bed使用身體約束具以限制病人留在床上
- EEncourage the client to call for assistance before getting up✓ 正解鼓勵病人在起身前尋求協助
對於有頭暈（Dizziness）病史的長者，跌倒預防是照護的首要安全目標。護理師應採取「環境安全」與「行為指導」雙管齊下。將床位降至最低可減少墜床傷勢；呼叫鈴隨手可得能讓病人及時求助；環境清理可避免絆倒。禁止使用約束，因為約束會增加病人的不安與肌力衰退，反而提高跌倒風險。鼓勵病人起床前先坐起並呼叫協助是預防姿勢性低血壓跌倒的重要措施。
For an elderly client with a history of dizziness, fall prevention is the highest safety priority of care. The nurse should adopt a combined approach of environmental safety and behavioral guidance. Lowering the bed reduces the severity of injury from any fall; keeping the call light within reach allows the client to summon help promptly; clearing the environment of clutter prevents tripping. Physical restraints should not be used, as they increase agitation and muscle weakness and actually raise the risk of falls. Encouraging the client to sit up and call for assistance before standing is an important measure to prevent falls due to orthostatic hypotension.