護理師正在照護一名採行嗜中性球低下防護措施的病人。餐盤中的哪項食物應被移除?
A nurse is caring for a client on neutropenic precautions. Which food item should be removed from the client's meal tray?
- AWell-done steak全熟牛排
- BCanned soup罐頭湯
- CFresh grapes✓ 正解新鮮葡萄
- DCooked chicken煮熟雞肉
嗜中性球低下防護(Neutropenic precautions),又稱保護性隔離(protective isolation),是為了保護免疫功能嚴重低下的病人,使其免受環境中微生物的感染。這類病人因嗜中性球數量不足,抵抗感染的能力極弱,即使是平常無害的細菌或真菌,也可能導致嚴重甚至致命的感染。因此,所有可能引入病原體的途徑都必須嚴格控制,其中飲食是常見的傳播途徑之一。 護理師在照護這類病人時,應密切注意其飲食內容,確保所有食物都經過適當的處理和烹煮,以最大程度地減少微生物的暴露。這項措施是病人安全的核心環節,需要護理師具備高度的警覺性和專業知識,以預防潛在的感染風險。
Neutropenic precautions (protective isolation) protect severely immunocompromised clients from environmental microbes. With insufficient neutrophils, even normally harmless bacteria or fungi can cause severe or fatal infections; thus all possible pathogen pathways must be tightly controlled, with diet being a major route. The nurse should monitor the client's diet closely to ensure all foods are appropriately handled and cooked to minimize microbial exposure. This is a core patient-safety task requiring vigilance and clinical knowledge to prevent infection.
嗜中性球低下防護措施(Neutropenic precautions)的飲食原則在台灣和美國是高度一致的。兩地都強調避免生食、未經烹煮的蔬果、未經巴氏殺菌的乳製品和可能帶有高菌量的食物,以降低免疫功能低下病人的感染風險。這些飲食建議是基於國際公認的感染控制指南,旨在保護最脆弱的病人群體。因此,無論在何地執業,護理師都應遵循這些基本原則。