一位診斷為深層靜脈栓塞（DVT）的病人，護理介入的主要目標為何？
A nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT). What is the primary goal of nursing interventions?
- AMassage the affected limb to reduce swelling按摩患肢以減輕腫脹
- BIncrease activity levels to promote blood flow增加活動量以促進血液循環
- CEliminate the thrombus instantly立即消除血栓
- DPrevent pulmonary embolism✓ 正解預防肺栓塞
DVT 照護的核心在於預防血栓脫落導致肺栓塞（PE）。治療包括抗凝血治療與臥床休息（依醫囑），禁止按摩患肢，因按摩可能導致血栓分離並隨靜脈回流至肺部。活動量需視醫囑而定，並非一律增加。消除血栓需長時間抗凝血治療，非立即目標。優先保護病患呼吸安全是第一要務。
The core of DVT care is preventing the thrombus from dislodging and causing pulmonary embolism (PE). Treatment includes anticoagulation and bed rest (per provider's orders), and the affected limb must not be massaged, as massage can dislodge the clot and allow it to travel to the lungs via venous return. Activity level depends on the provider's orders and should not be uniformly increased. Resolving the thrombus requires prolonged anticoagulation rather than an immediate goal. Protecting the client's respiratory safety is the top priority.
美台對於抗凝血治療監測（如 INR, PTT）流程相近，但美國醫院對於早期動員（Early mobilization）的標準較為嚴謹，多需醫師評估後執行。