護理師教導皮膚乾燥的病人，應給予哪些建議？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client with dry skin. Which advice should the nurse provide? (Select all that apply.)
- ATake short, lukewarm showers✓ 正解洗短時間的溫水澡
- BUse moisturizing soap✓ 正解使用保濕型肥皂
- CApply lotion while skin is still damp✓ 正解在皮膚仍微濕時塗抹乳液
- DTake hot baths to open pores洗熱水澡以打開毛孔
- EUse a humidifier in the home✓ 正解在家中加濕器
皮膚乾燥（Xerosis）常見於老年人與環境濕度低的病人。護理介入重點在於減少皮脂流失與加強保濕。溫水淋浴較熱水更能保留天然油脂，保濕皂能減少皂鹼對皮膚的刺激，在皮膚微濕時塗抹乳液可利用水分蒸發前的吸收期鎖住水分，加濕器則改善環境濕度。臨床照護中，必須強調禁止使用熱水，因為熱水會破壞皮脂膜，加劇乾癢與紅腫。
Xerosis (dry skin) is common among older adults and clients in low-humidity environments. Nursing interventions focus on reducing loss of skin oils and enhancing moisture. Lukewarm rather than hot showers preserve natural oils; moisturizing soaps reduce the irritating effects of alkali; applying lotion while the skin is still damp uses the absorption window before evaporation to lock in moisture; and a humidifier improves environmental humidity. Clinically, hot water must be avoided because it disrupts the lipid barrier and worsens dryness, itching, and redness.