— 生理適應 · HARD · SATA —
一位懷疑中風的病人，哪些症狀顯示為神經學急症？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a suspected stroke. Which signs and symptoms are indicative of a neurological emergency? (Select all that apply.)
- ASudden confusion or trouble speaking✓ 正解突然出現困惑或說話困難
- BSudden onset of severe headache✓ 正解突發性劇烈頭痛
- CSudden numbness or weakness in the face or limbs✓ 正解突然出現臉部或肢體麻木或無力
- DSudden inability to lift both arms equally✓ 正解突然無法對稱地舉起雙臂
- ESudden increase in body temperature to 38°C體溫突然升高至 38°C
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
中風徵象的識別關鍵在於「突發性（Sudden）」。當出現神經功能缺失時，時間就是大腦（Time is brain）。FAST 原則（Face, Arms, Speech, Time）能有效識別急性中風，劇烈頭痛則是出血性中風或動脈瘤破裂的警訊，皆屬於神經學急症，需立即啟動 Stroke Alert。
The key to recognizing stroke is its sudden onset. When neurologic deficits appear, "time is brain." The FAST pyrinciple (Face, Arms, Speech, Time) effectively identifies acute stroke, while a severe headache is a warning sign of hemorrhagic stroke or ruptured aneurysm. Both are neurologic emergencies that require immediate activation of a stroke alert.