— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師協助帕金森氏症初期病人進行日常生活活動，何者能促進其自主能力？
A nurse is assisting a client with early-stage Parkinson's disease with activities of daily living. Which intervention promotes client independence?
- ACompleting all tasks for the client to save energy為客戶完成所有任務以節省體力
- BRestricting the client's ambulation to prevent falls限制客戶行走以防止跌倒
- CProviding slip-on shoes with rubber soles✓ 正解提供易穿脫且鞋底具防滑功能的鞋子
- DEncouraging the client to walk with a shuffling gait鼓勵客戶以小碎步方式行走
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
帕金森氏症病人常因精細動作受損（如綁鞋帶）而感到挫折，提供穿脫方便且防滑的鞋類可提升自我照護自信。鼓勵小碎步會增加跌倒風險，應教導跨大步伐；完全包辦會導致肌肉萎縮與功能退化；限制活動會加劇僵硬，應鼓勵在安全範圍內規律運動。
Providing slip-on shoes with rubber soles promotes independence by reducing the need for fine motor skills, which are often impaired in Parkinson's disease. This intervention enhances self-care confidence while minimizing fall risks associated with shuffling gaits or complex fastening.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆強調復健治療（OT/PT）介入，但在台灣臨床若病人跌倒風險高，家屬常傾向保護性限制，需護理師積極衛教自主活動的重要性。