— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位中性球減少症的病人，應提供哪些衛教指導？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with neutropenia. Which instructions should the nurse provide? (Select all that apply.)
- AAvoid fresh flowers and potted plants in the room✓ 正解避免在房間內放置鮮花和盆栽植物
- BPerform thorough hand hygiene frequently✓ 正解頻繁徹底執行手部衛生
- CEat only thoroughly cooked foods✓ 正解僅食用完全煮熟的食物
- DUse a soft-bristled toothbrush✓ 正解使用軟毛牙刷
- ERestrict visitors with signs of illness✓ 正解限制有生病跡象的探視者
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
中性球減少症（Neutropenia）病人因免疫防禦機制受損，極易遭受伺機性感染。護理核心目標為建立保護性環境並減少病原體曝露。所有正確選項皆旨在阻斷潛在的傳染源，包含環境清潔（移除植栽）、個人衛生（洗手）、飲食安全（全熟食）以及接觸管制（篩檢訪客）。臨床思路應遵循「預防大於治療」的原則，針對免疫力低下的高風險群體，執行嚴格的感染控制措施。
Clients with neutropenia have compromised immune defenses and are at high risk for opportunistic infections, making strict infection control essential. Preventive measures include removing environmental sources of pathogens like plants, practicing frequent hand hygiene, consuming only thoroughly cooked foods to avoid bacteria, using soft-bristled toothbrushes to prevent mucosal injury, and restricting visitors with signs of illness to limit exposure.