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降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ

護理師為嗜中性白血球減少症(neutropenia)的病人規劃護理計畫,哪項措施能有效預防感染?

A nurse is planning care for a client with neutropenia. Which action should the nurse include to prevent infection?

  • AAdminister prophylactic antibiotics for all minor skin cuts
    對所有輕微皮膚割傷給予預防性抗生素
  • BPerform rectal temperature checks every 4 hours
    每 4 小時進行直腸體溫測量
  • CAllow visitors with minor upper respiratory symptoms
    允許有輕微上呼吸道症狀的訪客探視
  • DRestrict fresh fruits and vegetables in the diet✓ 正解
    限制飲食中的新鮮水果和蔬菜
Explanation · 中文詳解

嗜中性白血球減少症(neutropenia)病人因白血球數量過低,缺乏足夠的免疫防禦能力,極易受到環境中微生物的伺機性感染。護理目標在於執行「保護性隔離(protective isolation)」,阻斷一切可能的病原體傳播途徑。飲食方面,生食蔬果表面常附著細菌或真菌孢子,即使清洗過仍難保完全無菌,因此必須嚴格限制。

Clients with neutropenia are at high risk for opportunistic infections due to low white blood cell counts. Restricting fresh fruits and vegetables minimizes exposure to bacteria and molds found on raw produce, aligning with protective isolation principles.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國臨床對於 Neutropenic diet(低菌飲食)的執行標準較嚴格,通常會嚴格禁止所有生食(包括生菜沙拉、未削皮水果),且在護理照護上更強調避免侵入性檢查(如肛溫)。

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