— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導病人自行施打胰島素。下列哪些動作顯示技巧正確？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of insulin. Which of the following actions demonstrates correct technique? (Select all that apply.)
- ARotate injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy✓ 正解輪替注射部位以預防脂肪萎縮
- BInject insulin at a 90-degree angle for subcutaneous tissue✓ 正解為皮下組織以90度角注射胰島素
- CRub the injection site vigorously after administration注射後用力揉搓注射部位
- DWash hands thoroughly before handling insulin and syringes✓ 正解處理胰島素和注射器前徹底洗手
- EStore unopened insulin in the freezer to maintain potency將未開啟的胰島素存放在冷凍庫以保持效力
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
正確胰島素施打包含：輪替注射部位預防脂肪增生、正確入針角度（皮下組織 90 度）、嚴格手部衛生。C 選項錯誤，施打後揉擦會導致藥物吸收過快而引發低血糖。E 選項錯誤，胰島素冷凍會破壞其蛋白質結構而失效，應存放在冷藏箱（2-8°C）。
Correct insulin administration requires rotating injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy, using a 90-degree angle for subcutaneous delivery, and practicing strict hand hygiene. Vigorous rubbing of the site should be avoided as it alters absorption rates, and insulin must never be frozen as this destroys its protein structure.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對胰島素注射的衛教內容一致，但美國護理師常提供更詳細的輪替圖表與手機 App 追蹤建議。