— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
急性胰臟炎病人主訴嚴重的上腹痛，下列何種護理措施對緩解生理壓力最有效？
A client with acute pancreatitis reports severe epigastric pain. Which nursing intervention is most effective for managing the physiological stress?
- AEncourage clear liquid diet鼓勵攝取清流質飲食
- BApply a heating pad to the abdomen在腹部使用熱敷墊
- CAdminister oral antacids給予口服制酸劑
- DMaintain NPO status and provide IV fluids✓ 正解維持禁食（NPO）狀態並提供靜脈輸液
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎的病理機轉是胰臟酵素在胰臟內被活化，導致胰臟組織自體消化。治療的核心原則是「讓胰臟休息（pancreatic rest）」，停止任何刺激胰臟分泌胰液的活動。禁食（NPO）是減輕胰臟負擔最直接且有效的方法，配合靜脈輸液（IV fluids）來維持水份與電解質平衡，這是處理急性胰臟炎引起的劇烈腹痛與生理壓力的首選護理介入。
Maintaining NPO status and providing IV fluids is the most effective intervention because it rests the pancreas, preventing further enzymatic activation and tissue digestion. This approach directly addresses the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis and helps manage severe pain and physiological stress.