一位強迫症（OCD）病人花費數小時進行清潔儀式。護理師在初期照護階段應優先採取什麼措施？
A client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) spends several hours performing cleaning rituals. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize during the initial phase of care?
- ASet strict time limits on the ritual behaviors.對儀式行為設定嚴格的時間限制。
- BInterrupt the ritual to prevent physical harm.中斷儀式以防止身體傷害。
- CProvide a structured schedule with alternative activities.✓ 正解提供包含替代活動的結構化行程表。
- DIgnore the rituals until the client is ready to stop.忽略該儀式，直到病人準備好停止為止。
強迫症（OCD）的護理核心在於減輕焦慮，並透過行為治療將專注力從強迫行為（Rituals）轉移至日常生活。初期照護應避免強行中斷儀式，因為這會導致病人焦慮感暴增甚至產生敵意。正確策略是提供結構化作息（Structured schedule），將儀式限制在特定時段，並在非儀式時間安排替代活動，幫助病人逐步建立自我控制感，而非直接剝奪其防禦機制。
In the initial phase of care for a client with OCD, abrupt interruption of rituals should be avoided as it significantly increases anxiety and may provoke hostility. Instead, the nurse should provide a structured schedule that limits ritual behaviors to specific times and offers alternative activities, helping the client gradually develop self-control without stripping away their primary coping mechanism.