— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位心衰竭病人被開立呋塞米（furosemide）。護理師應監測哪些發現？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed furosemide for heart failure. Which findings should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypokalemia✓ 正解低血鉀
- BBlood pressure reduction✓ 正解血壓下降
- CDehydration✓ 正解脫水
- DHypernatremia高血鈉
- EHearing loss✓ 正解聽力喪失
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
呋塞米（Furosemide）是一種強力袢利尿劑（Loop diuretic），透過抑制亨利氏環的鈉鉀氯共同轉運體來發揮利尿作用。其副作用包括電解質失衡（低血鉀、低血鈉）、血容量減少（低血壓）以及潛在的耳毒性（Ototoxicity），特別是在快速靜脈注射時。護理師需密切監測病人的電解質數據及生命徵象。
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause hypokalemia, dehydration, and blood pressure reduction due to fluid loss. It also carries a risk of ototoxicity, particularly with rapid IV administration, so hearing loss should be monitored. Hypernatremia is unlikely as furosemide typically causes hyponatremia.