— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
針對接受全靜脈營養（TPN）的病人，下列哪些護理措施是適當的？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate for a client receiving parenteral nutrition (TPN)? (Select all that apply.)
- ACheck blood glucose levels every 4 to 6 hours✓ 正解每 4 至 6 小時檢查血糖
- BChange the TPN tubing every 24 hours✓ 正解每 24 小時更換 TPN 管路
- CUse a dedicated lumen for TPN administration✓ 正解使用專用管腔給藥 TPN
- DMaintain the rate of infusion strictly✓ 正解嚴格維持輸注速率
- EHang a new bag of TPN if the previous one is empty若前一袋 TPN 已用完，掛上新的一袋 TPN
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
TPN 因高濃度葡萄糖成分，極易導致高血糖與細菌滋生。護理重點包含：嚴格執行管路無菌操作（專用管腔）、定時監測血糖、遵照醫囑速度輸注，且管路需每日更換以降低敗血症風險。若藥袋用盡，若無現成備用，應維持 D10W 以防低血糖。
For clients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN), the nurse should check blood glucose frequently due to the high sugar content, use a dedicated lumen to prevent incompatibility, and maintain strict infusion rates to avoid metabolic shifts. TPN tubing must be changed every 24 hours to reduce infection risk, and D10W should be hung if TPN is unavailable to prevent hypoglycemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床護理師常需負責協助過濾器的檢查與管路監測，美國則強調藥師（Pharmacist）在配製過程中的角色。