— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師正在為全髖關節置換術後的病人規劃照護計畫，應包含哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following interventions should be included in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- AUse an abduction pillow when the client is in bed✓ 正解當病人卧床時使用外展枕
- BInstruct the client to avoid flexing the hip more than 90 degrees✓ 正解指導病人避免髖關節屈曲超過 90 度
- CEncourage the client to cross their legs to improve circulation鼓勵病人交叉雙腿以促進血液循環
- DMaintain the hip in a neutral, slightly abducted position✓ 正解保持髖關節在中立且略微外展的位置
- EAssist the client to stand using the surgical leg as the primary support協助病人以手術側的腿作為主要支撐站起
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
髖關節置換術後預防脫位是照護重點。需使用外展枕固定雙腿，避免內收與過度屈曲（大於 90 度）。交叉雙腿會導致髖關節內收，有造成假體脫位的風險。術後初期下床應指導病人使用助行器並減輕患肢負重，而非直接讓患肢負重。
To prevent hip dislocation after total hip arthroplasty, the nurse should use an abduction pillow to keep the legs apart and instruct the client to avoid flexing the hip beyond 90 degrees. Maintaining the hip in a neutral, slightly abducted position helps preserve joint integrity and reduces stress on the posterior capsule.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆強調術後禁忌姿勢（Hip precautions）；美國復健師參與度更高，台灣護理師則需更常規地進行床邊衛教確認。