護理師為一位剛做人工肛門（造口）的病人進行出院計畫，哪一項行動是優先的？
A nurse is planning the discharge for a client with a new colostomy. Which action is the priority?
- AArranging for a social worker to visit the home安排社工訪視
- BTeaching the client how to change the appliance✓ 正解教導病人如何更換造口裝置
- CReviewing dietary habits to prevent constipation檢視飲食習慣以預防便秘
- DReferencing the cost of supplies to the client向病人說明用品費用
針對造口病人，優先任務是確保其具備自我照護能力，即更換造口袋的技能。這直接影響病人的生理舒適、皮膚健康與社會適應。其他選項如費用考量、居家資源或飲食指導均重要，但必須建立在病人具備核心操作能力後，才具備居家生存基礎。
Teaching the client how to change the ostomy appliance is the priority discharge action because mastering this skill is essential for self-care, skin integrity, and preventing complications. Without the ability to manage the stoma effectively, the client cannot safely live at home, making this education more urgent than dietary advice, supply costs, or social work referrals. Competence in appliance changes directly impacts the client's physical health and psychological well-being.
美國有專門的 WOCN（造口護理師）負責教學；台灣多由病房護理師負責，但在照護複雜度較高時，醫院會安排造口護理專科師資協助。