— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護腹部術後病人，應鼓勵進行下列哪些活動以預防術後併發症？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering from abdominal surgery. Which activities should the nurse encourage to prevent postoperative complications? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncentive spirometry usage✓ 正解使用誘發性肺量計
- BEarly ambulation✓ 正解早期下床活動
- CSplinting the incision while coughing✓ 正解咳嗽時以手或枕頭支撐切口
- DMaintaining strict bed rest for 48 hours嚴格卧床休息48小時
- EFrequent leg exercises✓ 正解頻繁進行腿部運動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
術後護理的優先目標是預防呼吸道與循環系統併發症。腹部手術後，病人常因傷口疼痛而不敢深呼吸或咳嗽，導致肺塌陷（Atelectasis）與肺炎。誘發性肺量計（Incentive Spirometry）能促進肺部擴張，而傷口夾板固定（Splinting）能減輕咳嗽時的疼痛。早期下床與腿部運動則能促進血液循環，預防深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）。
Postoperative care focuses on preventing respiratory and circulatory complications through early mobilization and lung expansion techniques. Incentive spirometry and leg exercises promote venous return and prevent deep vein thrombosis, while splinting the incision during coughing reduces pain and encourages effective airway clearance without compromising the surgical site.