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藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ

一位患有心衰竭病史的病人被處方每日口服 digoxin 0.25 mg。護理師應優先向醫療團隊通報哪項評估結果?

A client with a history of heart failure is prescribed digoxin 0.25 mg orally daily. Which assessment finding should the nurse prioritize reporting to the healthcare provider?

  • AHeart rate of 72 beats/min
    心率 72 次/分
  • BAnorexia and nausea✓ 正解
    食慾不振和噁心
  • CBlood pressure 110/70 mmHg
    血壓 110/70 mmHg
  • DIncreased urine output
    尿量增加
Explanation · 中文詳解

Digoxin(毛地黃)的治療指數非常窄,早期中毒症狀通常首先表現為胃腸道反應,如食慾不振、噁心、嘔吐或腹瀉。這些症狀往往早於心律不整或視覺改變(如黃綠色視覺)出現。在臨床工作中,護理師必須敏銳地察覺病人的主訴,若病人突然感到噁心不適,應懷疑是藥物濃度過高。心率 72 次/分在正常範圍內,增加尿量可能是心功能改善或併用利尿劑的效果,血壓 110/70 亦屬穩定。優先通報 B 選項是為了預防進一步的嚴重中毒,如致命性的心律不整。這是用藥安全監測中的核心概念,即『預防勝於治療』。

Anorexia and nausea are classic early signs of digoxin toxicity and should be reported immediately to prevent progression to severe complications like fatal arrhythmias. Since digoxin has a narrow therapeutic index, gastrointestinal symptoms often appear before other signs such as visual disturbances or significant heart rate changes.

✦ 台美臨床差異

在美國護理執業中,Digoxin 中毒的自主判斷與濃度追蹤常由護理師根據 protocol 直接啟動檢驗(Standing orders);台灣則高度依賴醫師開立處方後,護理師才執行抽血監測,自主性略有不同。

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