— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · SATA —
護理師應優先安排哪類病人進入隔離房或 cohorting 以防感染擴散？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following clients should the nurse prioritize for room placement in a private room or cohorting to prevent infection spread? (Select all that apply.)
- AClient with active pulmonary tuberculosis✓ 正解活動性肺結核病人
- BClient with varicella zoster✓ 正解水痘帶狀疱疹病毒病人
- CClient with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a wound✓ 正解傷口有耐甲氧西林金黃色葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 的病人
- DClient with acute diarrhea and suspected rotavirus✓ 正解急性腹瀉且疑似輪狀病毒感染病人
- EClient with a localized surgical incision infection局部手術切口感染病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
傳染病隔離原則依據傳播途徑：空氣傳播（Airborne）需負壓病房；接觸傳播（Contact）需單人房或同類群體照護（Cohort）。肺結核（TB）與水痘（Varicella）屬空氣傳播，具高度傳染性；MRSA 與輪狀病毒（Rotavirus）則透過接觸傳播。優先考量病人是否會對其他病患造成感染風險，以落實感染控制。
Clients requiring isolation to prevent infection spread include those with airborne pathogens like active pulmonary tuberculosis and varicella, which necessitate negative-pressure rooms, and those with contact-transmitted infections like MRSA and rotavirus. These conditions pose a significant risk to other patients, whereas localized surgical infections typically only require standard precautions.