護理師照護一位有癲癇病史的病人。應採取哪些安全措施?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of seizures. Which safety measure should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep a tongue blade at the bedside在床邊放置壓舌板
- BPadding the side rails of the bed✓ 正解在床欄上加裝軟墊
- CHaving oxygen and suction equipment available✓ 正解準備好氧氣和抽吸設備
- DPlacing the bed in the lowest position✓ 正解將病床降至最低位置
- ERestraining the client during a seizure在發作期間約束病人
對於有癲癇病史的病人,護理師的首要職責是預防癲癇發作時可能造成的傷害,並確保在發作期間及發作後的氣道通暢與呼吸支持。癲癇安全防護措施的核心原則是創造一個安全的環境,讓病人在癲癇發作時能夠免於碰撞、跌落等物理性傷害,同時準備好應對呼吸困難或窒息等生理性併發症。這些措施應在病人入院時即刻實施,並對病人及家屬進行相關衛教,讓他們了解如何共同維護病人安全。 在癲癇發作期間,護理師應保持冷靜,記錄發作時間與特徵,並在保護病人的同時,避免不必要的干預或限制,以免造成二次傷害。發作結束後,應評估病人的意識狀態、呼吸狀況,並提供適當的休息與支持。
To ensure client safety during a seizure, the nurse should pad the side rails to prevent injury from involuntary movements, keep oxygen and suction equipment available to manage potential airway obstruction or postictal respiratory distress, and place the bed in the lowest position to minimize fall risk. Interventions such as inserting a tongue blade or restraining the client are contraindicated as they can cause significant physical harm.
台美兩地在癲癇安全防護措施的原則上是高度一致的,都強調保護病人免受傷害、維持氣道通暢,並避免在發作期間進行不必要的干預(如放置壓舌板或強行約束)。這些措施是基於全球性的最佳實踐指南。然而,在某些硬體設備的配置上,例如病床旁是否常備氧氣及抽吸設備,各醫院或地區的標準化程度可能略有差異,但在NCLEX的考題中,這些都是被視為基本且必要的安全準備。