一位高齡者剛入住長照機構，護理師應監測哪些行為以辨識是否有「遷移壓力症候群」？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has just been admitted to a long-term care facility. Which behaviors should the nurse monitor to identify signs of relocation stress syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncreased confusion and disorientation✓ 正解混亂與定向力障礙增加
- BFrequent requests to return home✓ 正解頻繁要求回家
- CDevelopment of sleep disturbances✓ 正解出現睡眠障礙
- DConsistent participation in facility group activities持續參與機構團體活動
- EUnexplained weight loss or loss of appetite✓ 正解不明原因的體重減輕或食慾不振
遷移壓力症候群（Relocation Stress Syndrome）常見於高齡者從熟悉環境轉移至陌生機構。臨床表現包括認知功能下降（混亂、定向感失調）、情緒不安（頻繁想回家）、生理節律失調（睡眠障礙、食慾不振）。選項 D 是調適良好的指標，而非壓力症候群的徵兆。護理師需透過觀察這些負面行為，提供適當的環境支持，例如邀請家人提供熟悉物品、增加照護一致性及主動關懷，來協助個案完成環境轉換的心理調適。若未及時發現，個案極易發展成嚴重憂鬱或身體功能衰竭。
Relocation stress syndrome in older adults manifests through cognitive decline, such as increased confusion and disorientation, and emotional distress, including frequent requests to return home. Physiological signs like sleep disturbances and unexplained weight loss also indicate the anxiety and lack of security associated with moving to a new facility.
美國長照機構設有專門的 Social Worker 與 Activity Director 共同評估遷移調適；台灣長照機構多由護理人員兼顧 psychosocial 評估，跨專業合作的整合性較低。