— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 25 歲廣泛性焦慮症病史的個案，因心悸、顫抖及強烈瀕死感送至急診。護理師何種回應最適當？
A 25-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder is brought to the emergency department experiencing palpitations, trembling, and a sense of impending doom. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
- ATry to calm down, there is nothing to be afraid of.試著冷靜下來，沒什麼好怕的。
- BWhat are you worried about right now?你現在在擔心什麼？
- CWould you like me to call your family member?要我幫你聯絡你的家人嗎？
- DYou are safe here; take deep breaths with me.✓ 正解這裡很安全；跟我一起深呼吸。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
面對急性焦慮發作（恐慌發作），首要目標是建立安全感並協助個案回歸平穩的生理狀態。透過引導呼吸，護理師能幫助個案啟動副交感神經，並以堅定且溫和的態度傳達安全訊息。B 選項會增加個案對焦慮源的過度思考，A 則帶有否定個案感受之嫌。
During a panic attack, the nurse should prioritize establishing safety and helping the client regain physiological control through grounding techniques. Reassuring the client and guiding deep breathing activates the parasympathetic nervous system, whereas minimizing feelings or asking about triggers may increase anxiety.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師強調 therapeutic communication 技巧，台灣臨床環境因病人流量大，護理師常需更快速評估並採取藥物介入措施。