照護有癲癇病史的病人時，護理師應採取哪些合適行動？（選所有適合的）
Which actions are appropriate for the nurse to take when managing a client with a history of seizures? (Select all that apply.)
- APlace a padded tongue blade at the bedside在床邊放置加軟墊的壓舌板
- BEnsure suction equipment is available in the room✓ 正解確保房間內備有抽吸設備
- CPad the side rails of the bed✓ 正解為床欄加上護墊
- DMaintain the bed in a high position將病床保持在高位
- EPlace the client in a side-lying position if a seizure occurs✓ 正解若發生癲癇發作，將病人置於側臥姿勢
癲癇安全 (Seizure Precautions) 的核心是預防受傷與維持呼吸道通暢。正確答案 B、C、E 體現了這些原則：備妥抽吸設備 (Suction) 以防吸入性肺炎、加裝床欄護墊 (Padded side rails) 預防撞擊傷、發作時採側臥位 (Side-lying) 促進分泌物排出。臨床思路上，絕對禁止將任何物體塞入病人口中（如壓舌板），這會導致牙齒斷裂或氣道阻塞。此外，床位應保持在最低位 (Low position) 而非高位，以減少跌落傷害。
The core principles of seizure precautions are injury prevention and maintaining airway patency. The correct answers B, C, and E reflect these principles: keep suction at the bedside (to prevent aspiration), pad the side rails (to prevent impact injury), and place the client in a side-lying position if a seizure occurs (to facilitate secretion drainage). Clinically, nothing should ever be placed in the client's mouth (such as a tongue blade) because this can break teeth or obstruct the airway. The bed should also be kept in the low position rather than high to reduce fall injury.
美國 NCLEX 極度強調「不可放壓舌板」，這是一個常見的考點陷阱。台灣過去老舊觀念可能還有塞毛巾或壓舌板的誤區，護理師在赴美執業時必須徹底揚棄此做法。此外，美國醫院常有專門的「Seizure Pads」設備。