— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人呈現水痘活動性感染，護理師應執行何種隔離措施？
A client presents with an active varicella-zoster (chickenpox) infection. Which precautions must the nurse implement?
- AProtective isolation保護性隔離
- BDroplet and Contact precautions飛沫與接觸隔離
- CContact and Airborne precautions✓ 正解接觸與空氣隔離
- DStandard precautions only僅標準隔離
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
水痘同時經由空氣微粒與接觸傳播，因此必須執行空氣隔離（Negative air pressure room, N95 mask）與接觸隔離（Gloves, Gown）。僅使用單一防護不足以阻斷病毒傳播，這是傳染病控制的關鍵考點。
Varicella-zoster virus is transmitted via both airborne droplets and direct contact with lesions. Therefore, the nurse must implement both airborne precautions (such as a negative-pressure room and N95 mask) and contact precautions (gloves and gown) to prevent transmission.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對於水痘隔離的準則一致，均要求嚴格的接觸加空氣隔離。