— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
下列哪位病人最容易發生醫療相關感染（HAI）？
Which of the following clients is most at risk for developing a healthcare-associated infection (HAI)?
- AA client with an indwelling urinary catheter✓ 正解留置導尿管的病人
- BA client who is ambulatory and independent可下床活動且生活自理的病人
- CA client on a general ward with no invasive devices一般病房且無侵入性裝置的病人
- DA client with a controlled blood glucose level血糖控制穩定的病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
醫療相關感染（HAI）常與侵入性處置高度相關。留置導尿管（indwelling urinary catheter）是導致尿路感染的最常見原因，因為導管跨越了人體的天然防禦機制（尿道括約肌），且導管表面易形成生物膜（biofilm），為細菌提供定植與繁殖的溫床。相較於無侵入性設備的病人，此類病人的感染風險顯著較高。
Health care-associated infections (HAIs) are highly correlated with invasive procedures. An indwelling urinary catheter is the most common cause of urinary tract infection, because the catheter bypasses the body's natural defense (the urinary sphincter) and its surface readily forms a biofilm, providing a niche for bacterial colonization and growth. Compared with patients who do not have invasive devices, these patients have a significantly higher risk of infection.