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降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ

病人即將接受需要碘對比劑的診斷檢查。護理師應優先執行哪項動作?

A client is scheduled for a diagnostic procedure requiring iodine-based contrast. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first?

  • AObtain informed consent
    取得知情同意
  • BReview the client's fasting status
    檢視病人的禁食狀態
  • CStart a peripheral IV line
    建立周邊靜脈導管
  • DCheck for allergies to shellfish or iodine✓ 正解
    檢查是否有對貝類或碘過敏
Explanation · 中文詳解

碘對比劑(Iodine-based contrast)在放射檢查中極為常見,但其引發嚴重過敏反應(Anaphylaxis)的風險不容小覷。在執行任何涉及對比劑的檢查前,護理師的首要任務是進行風險評估(Risk Assessment)。確認病人是否有對碘或貝類(Shellfish)的過敏史,能幫助醫療團隊提前採取預防措施(如給予類固醇或抗組織胺),這屬於病人安全層級中的「預防勝於治療」。相較之下,簽署同意書、建立靜脈通路及確認禁食狀態雖然都是檢查前的必要準備,但在臨床優先順序(Prioritization)上,預防致命性的過敏反應是保障病人生命安全的第一要務。

The nurse must first assess for allergies to iodine or shellfish because these clients are at higher risk for anaphylactic reactions to iodine-based contrast media. While obtaining consent, verifying fasting status, and establishing IV access are necessary steps, ensuring patient safety by preventing a life-threatening allergic reaction takes clinical priority.

✦ 台美臨床差異

台美臨床對於貝類與碘過敏的關聯性看法一致,但美國對於對比劑過敏的篩檢通常會與影像科(Radiology)的造影前評估流程緊密結合,護理師需特別留意電子病歷中是否有特殊的『對比劑過敏警示』。

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