— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備協助病人進行檢查，需確保知情同意。護理師的主要角色為何？
A nurse is preparing a client for a procedure and needs to ensure informed consent. What is the nurse's primary role?
- AEnsure the physician explains all alternatives確保醫師解釋所有替代方案
- BDetermine if the client is competent to consent確定病人是否有能力表示同意
- CExplain the risks and benefits of the procedure解釋該程序之風險與益處
- DWitness the client's signature on the form✓ 正解見證病人在表格上之簽名
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
知情同意（Informed Consent）的核心在於病人擁有自主權，必須在充分了解風險、益處及替代方案後做出決定。醫師（Provider）具備法律責任解釋醫療程序，護理師的主要角色為「見證人（Witness）」，負責確認病人神智清醒（Competent）、簽署過程無受迫，並確保醫師已完成說明。護理師不應分擔醫師的解釋職責，以免造成法律風險。
The nurse's primary role in the informed consent process is to witness the client's signature, verifying that the signing is voluntary and that the client appears competent. While the healthcare provider is responsible for explaining the procedure, risks, and alternatives, the nurse acts as a witness to ensure legal validity without providing medical explanations.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國，醫師必須親自說明並完成 Consent 簽署，護理師僅負責見證。台灣臨床有時會由資深護理師代為說明，但在美國法律規範下，護理師若解釋過多醫療細節，若發生併發症將面臨嚴重的法律責任。