— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧一位甲狀腺切除術後的病人，下列哪些評估對發現術後併發症至關重要？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a patient who is post-operative from a thyroidectomy. Which assessments are the priority for detecting complications? (Select all that apply.)
- ACheck for positive Chvostek's sign✓ 正解檢查Chvostek氏徵是否為陽性
- BMonitor for laryngeal nerve damage (hoarseness)✓ 正解監測喉返神經受損跡象（聲音沙啞）
- CAssess respiratory rate and effort✓ 正解評估呼吸頻率與努力程度
- DMonitor for thyroid storm symptoms監測甲狀腺風暴症狀
- ECheck the incision site for hemorrhage✓ 正解檢查切口部位是否有出血
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺切除術後常見併發症：(1)副甲狀腺誤傷致低血鈣（Chvostek's sign）；(2)喉返神經受損（聲音沙啞）；(3)術後血腫壓迫氣管（呼吸困難）；(4)切口出血（頸部敷料潮濕）。甲狀腺風暴通常在手術前或術後較長的時間發生，雖需監測但非此題最關鍵的立即術後併發症。
Priority assessments after a thyroidectomy include checking for hypocalcemia via Chvostek's sign, monitoring for hoarseness indicating laryngeal nerve damage, assessing respiratory effort for distress, and inspecting the incision for hemorrhage. These interventions address immediate life-threatening complications such as airway obstruction or metabolic imbalance.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆強調術後呼吸道監測，台灣對於術後出血監測尤為嚴格，常要求護理師定時檢查頸後滲血情形。