一位放置鼻胃管的病人,護理師應監測哪項併發症?
A nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube. Which complication should the nurse monitor for?
- AHypotension低血壓
- BHyperglycemia高血糖
- CParalytic ileus麻痹性腸阻塞
- DAspiration pneumonia✓ 正解吸入性肺炎
核心概念:鼻胃管(Nasogastric Tube, NG Tube)的潛在護理併發症。 為何正確答案對: D. 吸入性肺炎(Aspiration pneumonia)是鼻胃管最嚴重且常見的併發症之一。鼻胃管可能削弱賁門(Cardia)的閉鎖功能,導致胃內容物逆流,若病人床頭過低或吞嚥功能受損,這些內容物可能被吸入肺部,引發吸入性肺炎。護理師應時刻保持警惕,確保病人體位正確,並監測相關徵象。 為何其他選項錯: B. 腸阻塞(Paralytic ileus)雖然可能與某些疾病或手術有關,但並非鼻胃管本身的直接或最常見併發症。 C. 高血糖(Hyperglycemia)與鼻胃管無直接關聯,除非病人本身有糖尿病或接受了高糖分輸液。 D. 低血壓(Hypotension)與鼻胃管無直接關聯,除非病人因其他原因(如出血、脫水)而發生。
Aspiration pneumonia is a serious and common complication because nasogastric tubes can weaken the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing gastric contents to reflux and enter the lungs. Nurses must monitor for this risk and ensure proper patient positioning to prevent aspiration.