護理師照護低血鉀病人。應採取哪些護理介入？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a patient with hypokalemia. Which nursing interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AMonitor heart rhythm via ECG✓ 正解透過心電圖（ECG）監測心律
- BEncourage intake of bananas and oranges✓ 正解鼓勵攝取香蕉和柳橙
- CAdminister potassium chloride via IV push經靜脈推注給藥氯化鉀
- DAssess deep tendon reflexes✓ 正解評估深部腱反射
- EEvaluate respiratory muscle strength✓ 正解評估呼吸肌力量
低血鉀（Hypokalemia）會影響細胞膜電位，導致神經肌肉與心臟傳導異常。心律監測是首要安全措施，以防致命心律不整（如 U 波出現）。肌肉無力可能導致呼吸肌麻痺，故須評估呼吸強度與深腱反射。飲食補充是輕度低血鉀的補救方式。絕對禁止靜脈推注（IV Push）鉀離子，這會造成心臟驟停，必須嚴格遵守給藥安全規範。
Hypokalemia affects cell membrane potentials, leading to neuromuscular and cardiac conduction abnormalities; therefore, monitoring heart rhythm via ECG is essential to detect life-threatening arrhythmias. Muscle weakness is a common symptom, so assessing deep tendon reflexes and respiratory muscle strength is critical to identify potential paralysis. Encouraging potassium-rich foods helps replenish levels in mild cases, whereas intravenous potassium must never be given as a direct push due to the risk of fatal cardiac arrest.
在美國臨床護理中，鉀離子補充必須嚴格遵守『No Piss, No Potassium』原則，且 IV 鉀離子必須經過藥局稀釋，嚴禁護理師自行推注。