護理師照顧一位置放胸腔引流管的病人，下列哪些發現代表系統運作正常？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a chest tube. Which findings indicate the system is functioning correctly? (Select all that apply.)
- AFluctuation of fluid in the water seal chamber during inhalation✓ 正解水封槽內液體在吸氣時波動
- BContinuous bubbling in the water seal chamber水封槽內連續冒泡
- CGentle bubbling in the suction control chamber✓ 正解吸引控制槽內輕微冒泡
- DDependent loops in the drainage tubing引流管路中有下垂的環圈
- EFluid level in the water seal chamber rises and falls with respiration✓ 正解水封槽內的液面隨呼吸上升和下降
胸管引流系統功能是否正常，需觀察水封槽（Water seal chamber）的潮汐現象（Fluctuation），液面隨呼吸起伏代表系統與胸腔相通；吸引控制槽的輕微氣泡代表吸引功能運作中。連續氣泡通常代表管路漏氣，非正常現象。垂掛管路會阻礙回流，皆不應出現。護理師需定期檢查這些指標，以確保胸管引流功能維持正常。
To determine whether a chest drainage system is functioning correctly, observe the tidaling (fluctuation) in the water seal chamber; fluid that rises and falls with respiration indicates that the system is communicating with the pleural space. Gentle bubbling in the suction control chamber indicates that suction is operating. Continuous bubbling usually signals an air leak and is not a normal finding. Dependent loops obstruct return flow and should not be present. The nurse must routinely check these indicators to ensure that chest drainage continues to function properly.