— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位病人被診斷為甲狀腺功能亢進，護理師預期會見到哪些徵象？（選所有適合的）
A client is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which assessment findings does the nurse expect to see? (Select all that apply.)
- ATachycardia✓ 正解心搏過速
- BWeight loss✓ 正解體重減輕
- CHeat intolerance✓ 正解不耐熱
- DConstipation便秘
- EExophthalmos✓ 正解眼球突出
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺素過多會加速代謝，導致心搏過速、體重減輕、怕熱。Exophthalmos（眼球突出）是 Graves' disease 的典型症狀。便秘是甲狀腺功能低下（Hypothyroidism）的表現，甲亢病人則多為腹瀉或腸蠕動頻繁。
Hyperthyroidism accelerates metabolism, leading to tachycardia, weight loss despite increased appetite, and heat intolerance due to increased thermogenesis. Exophthalmos is also expected as it is a classic sign of Graves' disease, whereas constipation is associated with hypothyroidism.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地對於甲亢的臨床表現判斷標準一致，衛教重心皆在於避免甲狀腺風暴誘發因素。