— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
病人診斷為高血鉀，護理師應預期心電圖出現哪些變化？（選所有適合的）
A client is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which ECG changes should the nurse anticipate observing? (Select all that apply.)
- ATall, peaked T waves✓ 正解高大、尖銳的T波
- BProlonged PR interval✓ 正解PR間期延長
- CDepressed ST segmentST段壓低
- DWidened QRS complex✓ 正解QRS波群變寬
- EShortened QT intervalQT間期縮短
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀會影響心肌去極化與再極化。典型變化包括 T 波高尖（Peaked T waves）、PR 間期延長（代表房室傳導變慢）、QRS 波群變寬（代表心室傳導延遲）。ST 段壓低與 QT 間期縮短通常與低血鉀或心肌缺氧有關，非高血鉀特徵。
Hyperkalemia affects cardiac repolarization and conduction, leading to characteristic ECG changes such as tall, peaked T waves, prolonged PR intervals due to delayed atrioventricular conduction, and widened QRS complexes from slowed ventricular conduction. ST depression and shortened QT intervals are not typical signs of hyperkalemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美方護理師常需負責判讀初步心電圖變化，台灣護理師則多依賴心臟科醫師判讀。