— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位正進行持續性規律胰島素輸注的病人。應預期可能發生哪些併發症？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client receiving a continuous infusion of regular insulin. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate as potential complications? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypokalemia✓ 正解低血鉀症
- BHypoglycemia✓ 正解低血糖症
- CHypernatremia高血鈉症
- DCardiac dysrhythmia✓ 正解心律不整
- EHyperkalemia高血鉀症
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
胰島素會促進鉀離子進入細胞內，導致血鉀降低（Hypokalemia），進而引發心律不整（Cardiac dysrhythmia）。此外，胰島素的主要藥理作用為降低血糖，若劑量過高或未同時補充葡萄糖，極易導致低血糖（Hypoglycemia）。
Insulin promotes the cellular uptake of potassium, which can lead to hypokalemia and subsequent cardiac dysrhythmias. Additionally, continuous insulin infusion carries a significant risk of hypoglycemia if glucose levels drop too low. Monitoring electrolytes and blood glucose is essential to prevent these life-threatening complications.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均依賴嚴格的胰島素輸注流程（Insulin protocol），護理師需定時監測血糖與電解質。