— 心理社會完整性 · HARD · MCQ —
一位經歷火災倖存的病人表示：「我很愧疚自己逃出來了，但我的狗沒出來。」護理師最好的回應是？
A nurse is assessing a client who has survived a house fire. The client says, 'I feel so guilty that I made it out, but my dog did not.' What is the nurse's best response?
- AYou should be thankful you are alive.你應該感謝自己還活著。
- BIt is common for survivors to feel guilty about loss.✓ 正解倖存者對損失感到內疚是很常見的。
- CTell me more about your relationship with your dog.告訴我更多關於你與狗狗的關係。
- DDon't feel guilty; it was an accident.不要感到內疚；那是一場意外。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
倖存者罪惡感（Survivor's guilt）在創傷事件後很常見。選項 B 正確地正常化病人的感受，幫助其連結創傷經歷與心理反應。選項 A 指責；C 否定感受；C 雖然有助了解，但在處理倖存者罪惡感時，優先應是提供心理驗證（Validation）。
The nurse should normalize the client's feelings by stating that survivor's guilt is a common reaction to trauma, which validates the client's emotional experience. This therapeutic communication approach helps the client process the event without minimizing their grief or offering unsolicited advice.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對創傷後壓力症候群的心理支持原則一致，差異在於資源轉介管道。