— 心理社會完整性 · HARD · SATA —
下列哪些護理師的介入行為顯示有效運用了治療性溝通？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions by the nurse indicates effective use of therapeutic communication? (Select all that apply.)
- AUsing open-ended questions to encourage expression✓ 正解使用開放式問題以鼓勵表達
- BProviding personal advice to guide the client's decision提供個人建議以引導病人做決定
- CUsing silence to allow the client to process thoughts✓ 正解利用沉默讓病人處理思緒
- DRestating or paraphrasing the client's message✓ 正解重述或改述病人的訊息
- EFocusing on the nurse's own experiences to show empathy聚焦於護理師自身的經歷以展現同理心
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
治療性溝通應以病人為中心。開放式問句鼓勵表達，沈默賦予病人思考與感受的時間，重述則是確認理解的溝通技巧。給予個人建議違反專業自主，談論自己的經驗則會轉移焦點。護理師應提供支持並協助病人自我探索，而非代其決定。
Therapeutic communication focuses on the client and includes using open-ended questions to encourage expression, employing silence to allow processing of thoughts, and restating or paraphrasing to confirm understanding. Providing personal advice or shifting focus to the nurse's own experiences is non-therapeutic as it promotes dependency or distracts from the client's needs.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理強調沈默的運用；台灣臨床常因步調快速，護理師較少運用沈默技術，多傾向於直接解決問題與執行醫囑。