— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
照護患有日落症候群的失智症病患時，下列哪些護理措施是適當的？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate when caring for a client with dementia experiencing sundowning syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain a consistent daily routine✓ 正解維持一致的每日作息
- BIncrease light levels in the room during the late afternoon✓ 正解在傍晚時段增加室內光線
- CProvide heavy sedatives to ensure sleep提供強效鎮靜劑以確保睡眠
- DLimit caffeine intake during the afternoon✓ 正解限制下午的咖啡因攝取
- EEncourage physical activity during the daylight hours✓ 正解鼓勵在白天進行身體活動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
日落症候群（Sundowning）常於傍晚惡化，與晝夜節律失調有關。護理重點在於增加日間光照與活動量，維持生活規律，減少下午攝取刺激物（咖啡因）。給予鎮靜劑（C）會增加跌倒風險與認知混亂，通常為避免使用的介入。
Managing sundowning involves maintaining a consistent routine, increasing lighting in the late afternoon, limiting afternoon caffeine, and encouraging daytime physical activity. Heavy sedatives should be avoided as they can worsen confusion and increase the risk of falls.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣長照機構更常運用懷舊療法結合非藥物介入，美國護理實務則強調環境結構化評估更為嚴謹。