— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師評估一位患有創傷後壓力症候群(PTSD)的病人。應預期出現哪些症狀?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is assessing a client with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
- AFlashbacks or intrusive memories of the event✓ 正解事件的閃回或侵入性記憶
- BAvoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma✓ 正解避開與創傷相關的刺激物
- CHypervigilance and exaggerated startle response✓ 正解過度警覺和誇張的驚嚇反應
- DIncreased interest in social activities and hobbies對社交活動和興趣愛好興趣增加
- EPersistent negative mood and thoughts✓ 正解持續的消極情緒和想法
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
PTSD 的核心診斷基準包括侵入性思緒(如閃回)、逃避相關刺激、過度警覺(如驚嚇反應強烈)以及負面情緒與認知。病人通常會出現社會退縮或興趣喪失,而非對社交活動產生興趣。這些症狀持續時間通常需大於一個月,並嚴重影響日常生活。
Core diagnostic criteria for PTSD include intrusive memories such as flashbacks, avoidance of trauma-related stimuli, hyperarousal symptoms like an exaggerated startle response, and persistent negative mood or cognitions.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國 PTSD 治療常結合專科心理治療;台灣對於 PTSD 的診斷與治療多集中在醫學中心精神科,基層醫療資源相對較少。