— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案表示害怕失去控制。下列哪項護理措施為優先事項？
A 45-year-old client with generalized anxiety disorder expresses fear of losing control. Which nursing intervention is the highest priority?
- AEncourage the client to discuss the source of anxiety鼓勵個案討論焦慮的來源
- BAdminister PRN antianxiety medication給予 PRN 抗焦慮藥物
- CMaintain a calm and structured environment✓ 正解維持安靜且結構化的環境
- DTeach progressive muscle relaxation techniques教導漸進式肌肉放鬆技巧
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
對於焦慮症個案，創造安全、可預測的環境是降低焦慮程度的基礎。當個案焦慮感過高時，其處理資訊能力會下降，此時應提供穩定、結構化的物理與社交環境，才能讓個案產生安全感並進一步進行治療性對談或學習因應技巧。
Maintaining a calm and structured environment is the priority intervention because high anxiety impairs information processing and coping abilities. A predictable setting reduces sensory stimulation and helps the client feel safe, which is essential before addressing anxiety triggers or teaching relaxation techniques.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台精神科護理皆強調環境治療（Milieu Therapy），但台灣較常見依賴藥物快速緩解。