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照護管理 · HARD · MCQ

下列何者描述了「根本原因分析」(RCA)在醫療品質提升中的目的?

Which of the following describes the purpose of 'Root Cause Analysis' (RCA) in healthcare quality improvement?

  • ATo justify the termination of an employee
    作為解雇員工的理由
  • BTo prevent future errors by identifying the underlying system flaws✓ 正解
    透過識別潛在的系統缺失來預防未來錯誤
  • CTo identify which individual should be punished for an error
    找出應對錯誤負責並受懲罰的個人
  • DTo avoid documentation of the error to save the institution's reputation
    避免記錄錯誤以維護機構聲譽
Explanation · 中文詳解

根本原因分析(Root Cause Analysis, RCA)是一種回溯性的醫療品質管理工具,旨在探討不良事件(Adverse Event)發生的過程,而非追究個人責任。RCA 的核心精神是「非懲罰性文化」(Just Culture),強調系統缺陷(System Flaws)才是導致錯誤的主因。透過分析流程、環境、溝通與設備等潛在風險,制定改善策略,以預防類似錯誤再次發生。

The purpose of Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is to identify underlying system flaws that contributed to an adverse event, rather than assigning blame to individuals. By focusing on systemic issues such as workflow, communication, or equipment, healthcare organizations can implement corrective strategies to prevent future errors and promote a culture of safety.

✦ 台美臨床差異

在美國醫療體系中,RCA 是 Joint Commission (TJC) 認證要求的標準流程,強調「非懲罰性」。台灣醫院評鑑亦導入此觀念,但在執行面上,台灣臨床環境有時仍受傳統文化影響,較難完全落實「不責備」文化。

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