— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師協助早期失智症病人進行晨間護理。哪種策略最能促進病人的獨立性？
A nurse is assisting a client with early-stage dementia to perform morning hygiene. Which strategy is most effective to promote client independence?
- APerform the entire hygiene routine for the client為病人執行完整的清潔程序
- BComplete the task quickly to reduce client frustration快速完成任務以減少病人的挫折感
- CAsk the client to complete the task before leaving the room在離開房間前要求病人自行完成任務
- DProvide clear, step-by-step instructions one at a time✓ 正解一次提供清晰、逐步的指示
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
對於失智症早期病人，執行 ADLs（日常生活活動）應採取分段、簡單的指令，給予病人足夠的加工時間處理訊息，以維持其功能並減輕挫折感。過早代勞會導致功能衰退（use it or lose it），過於複雜的指令則會增加焦慮感。
Providing clear, step-by-step instructions one at a time accommodates the client's cognitive processing deficits and promotes independence. This strategy allows the client to focus on individual tasks without becoming overwhelmed, thereby reducing frustration and preventing the loss of functional abilities.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理重視分段式引導；台灣病房常因人力吃緊而傾向直接協助完成。